QFD小知識

QFD小知識  
  
  “工程師努力滿足這些(顧客)要求的第一步是盡可能接近地把這些要求翻譯成生產產品的物理特性以滿足這些要求。” — 沃爾特 A. 休哈特( Walter A. Shewhart ) , 1931 年 QFD 的用途 :品質功能展開( QFD )即是用來保證顧客的需求能在產品和過程設計中體現出的一種有效的技術。   在 6SIGMA 中品質功能展開主要用於過程和產品設計的改進專案。它能夠把顧客需求轉化為包括目標值的過程和產品特性。該用在 6SIGMA 中,識別那些對顧客重要的特性,這些特性應當包括在測量體系中。   儘管品質功能展開主要是用來確定和系統地轉化顧客的需求,但它並非僅此一用。其他可能的應用在於把市場價格轉化為產品和過程成本,以及把公司戰略轉化為各部門和工作領域的目標。 QFD 的歷史: 品質功能展開於 60 年末,由水野滋( Shigeru Mizuno 1910-1989 )和赤尾洋二( Yoji Akao 1928- )在日本發展而成。 1972 年,它最初用在三菱重工的神戶( Kobe )造船廠,幾年後接著也用於日本的汽車工業。在西方,汽車工業最早使用這個在 80 年代中期。此後,它在很多國家的各個行業普遍受到了歡迎。一個緊密技術是“失效模式與效果分析( FMEA )”。它包括,對產品和過程特性的系統檢查,對保證失效模式和失效結果的分析、判斷和處理措施。 QFD 的四階段: 基本上,這一目標可分為 4 個階段的轉化。這四個階段已被廣泛應用,尤其是在汽車行業。 第 1 階段:進行市場分析以獲得有關當前顧客需要的知識。通常認為這對顧客滿意的產品是關鍵的。瞭解競爭者對同樣需求的評價以及轉化後的產品特性。 第 2 階段:把關鍵產品轉發轉化為部件特性,例如產品零件。 第 3 階段:把關鍵部件特性轉化為過程特性。 第 4 階段:把關鍵過程特性轉化為生產特性,例如說明和尺寸。   以上四個階段包括五個標準分析單元,總是按以下順序轉化:顧客需求、產品特性、部件特性、過程特性和生產特性。因而從一般的顧客需求到詳細的生產特性,其詳細的程度逐步增加。 QFD 品質屋: 在 QFD 中,一個與房子相似,包括十一個單元的基本矩陣,用來記載四個轉化階段的每一個結果。通常此矩陣稱為品質屋。
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最新回复

  • winnery116 (2006-8-23 21:13:17)

    楼主继续啊,等待
  • fqm0011 (2006-8-24 06:39:48)

    QUOTE:

    原帖由 陈书龙 于 2006-8-23 10:27 发表
    QFD小知識  
      
      “工程師努力滿足這些(顧客)要求的第一步是盡可能接近地把這些要求翻譯成生產產品的物理特性以滿足這些要求。” — 沃爾特 A. 休哈特( Walter A. Shewhart ) , 1931 年 QFD 的用途 :品 ...
    可以打个包发到资料区去,谢谢配合
  • 陈书龙 (2006-8-24 11:43:18)

    好的,谢谢鼓励,那位朋友给加分呀.我还负分呢!
  • qianqian13 (2006-8-24 12:20:18)

    不错,正想了解了解
  • konymwh (2006-8-24 12:36:54)

    是啊,打包到资料区,可以下载了看.谢谢!
  • richiezhang (2006-8-24 13:00:05)

    繁体的,看得我眼睛花
  • wangtjcn (2007-5-10 14:15:15)

    lZ 是台资厂的吧
  • hj780515 (2007-5-10 17:18:23)

    QFD的书籍网上有直接可以去下载
  • fisher1002 (2007-5-14 13:04:07)

    QFD了解很少.
    看了一下LZ的资料,可能里面的工具已经剥离出来单独使用了.如,VOC-CTQ
    FMEA等等,
  • shen938 (2007-5-31 20:12:53)

    正在普学习相关方面的知識,谢谢
  • lisenly (2007-6-01 14:28:36)

    扫盲贴,鉴定完毕,哈哈
  • gengfu (2007-6-02 11:41:52)

    QFD在新客户\新产品导入过程中很重要!
    重点是明确客户的产品要求,并进一步进行产品特性细化, 这将大大有利于产品的开发,采购,生产,品质控制等过程,QFD做的好与不好,在成本\品质\交期方面将有明显的体现
  • he6621184 (2007-6-03 19:37:39)

    我们就是做产品零件的,可不可以将第二阶段省去
  • xys-6 (2007-6-03 20:26:45)

    你的知识很不错,加油
  • qincheng1119 (2007-6-03 20:42:18)

    思路很清晰 ~~~ 多谢楼主!
  • henry777777 (2007-6-05 11:08:40)

    看不懂呀,唉,是该好好学习了
  • luckyhanwei (2007-7-06 17:02:25)

    thanks for LZ's hard work!!!
  • nancy06 (2007-7-14 10:50:26)

    写得不错,就是繁体字看得比较晕!
    建议能多写一些关于QFD的小知识。很受用!谢谢!
  • 洛客 (2007-7-18 02:37:17)

    阵书龙在他的”QFD小知識”里已经大概地介绍了传统型的QFD。QFD 是 6-Sigma Process 的一个主要工具。Since I’m not very good in typing Chinese, hope you would allow me to finish this write-up in English.  

    QFD is a powerful method and widely used in product design and development for decades.  Aimed at achieving customer satisfaction (in accordance with the Kano Model) and low cost at the same time, it was named “the most important Japanese contribution in quality management” by the West.  In recent years, it has been recognized by Motorola University as Six Sigma Blackbelts’ No. 1 choice of tools.  Nevertheless, like many other powerful tools, it has several drawbacks.  The three major ones are: (1) it takes a lot of time and effort to fill the “relational matrix” between “Whats” and “Hows”, (2) the list of customer needs or “Whats” are often incomplete, misleading or even inaccurate, and (3) the weights applied to the “Whats” are very subjective and intuitive.  For remedy, the QFD Institute in the U.S. is now endorsing a revised version of QFD.  It is called “Modern QFD” or “Blitz QFD”, which was developed by Richard Zultner in the 1990’s for the software industry.

    “Modern QFD” differentiates itself from the conventional approach in several different ways.  A few are listed in the following.  First, Modern QFD is based on the voice of the company as well as the voice of the customer.  To start, it uses 5W and 2H to analyze project goals and company strategies.  In the determination of the customer “Whats”, it strongly advocates the use of “gemba visits” or “crime scene investigation” to fully understand customer needs and desires rather than relies on marketing surveys.  It can be easily understood that we want to know are not only the “Whats” but also “Whys” from the customer.  After gemba visits, verbatims are carefully recorded and analyzed.    Subsequently, the KJ Method is applied to produce the affinity diagram.  After these “Whats” are organized, AHP is employed to calculate the weights and prioritize these customer needs.  From the priority list, the vital few customer needs are entered into the “maximum value table” for functional requirements analysis and disposition and further processing.  Please refer to information on Internet for details.

    On the other hand, though with shortcomings, AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) has been the choice of tools by decision makers in engineer, business, and service industries in the past thirty years.  You may want to look into the applications of this wonderful tool for details.
  • xiezj80 (2007-7-20 08:24:11)

    这么个资料也太简略了啊